A clinical background is a very valuable trait when considering the field of clinical research. While engineers and technical experts are capable of working in this field, and successfully so, having a greater depth of knowledge in the intricacies of the human body (anatomy, physiology, pathology, immunology, pathophysiology) allow for a more targeted and informed approach to solving problems and issues. Again, a subject matter expert in a field such as immunology may have knowledge of everything needed to develop a vaccine, but it requires guidance and a knowledge of the subtle interactions within the human body and effect on patients that will allow success and minimize risk. Clinical knowledge is important and valuable at the highest levels of clinical research, but it should not be a barrier to entry. There are many roles within the field that can be filled and operated successfully by individuals without the same depth of clinical knowledge as a practicing physician or nurse.