There are many considerations to take into account when answering the question. I think it depends on what job or industry we are talking about. Everyone is different so it depends on if that person is staying late because they have to make up for lost time, because they are motivated to do better, or because they are expected to. As many of us have stated, America is a combination of all these things which drive us to be such a hard working nation. In my opinion, overworking can be demotivating and motivating. If its a simple job like working at a restaurant and you put in extra hours then no one really notices and its certainly not an incentive to do it again. But if your staying late because you want to do better, or get a head start, then that may get some higher ups attention and it may motivate you to be noticed and considered for a promotion or something like that.
This question also made me think of a TV show I watched called “The Newsroom” on HBO. There was a clip about “Why America is not the greatest country in the world anymore”. I’m not positive how or why this question made mw think of this clip, but I just thought I would share. I cannot seem to post this response with the link in my comment but please feel free to look it up.