People generally don't think of corporations as "subchapter s" or "c-corps" primarily because most large corporations people see are C-Corporations. A C-Corporation has significantly higher potential to grow than a c-corp because of its ability to have >100 shareholders and acquire foreign investment. S-corps, meanwhile, are the format favored by millions of American small businesses, which people generally think of just a "store" and not as a "company."

Any large public company you can think of, from Apple to Pepsi to Walmart, is a C-Corp. Giving an example of an s-corp is generally pointless because most people will not know of it (it is sensible that a company of less than 100 investors will never be as big or as well-known than companies with no roof on number of investors).

Small businesses often choose to be s-corps because they aren't too concerned with limits like inability to attract foreign investment, limits on investment, and inability to be part of a larger company. In exchange for losing these abilities, they undergo only a single round of taxation, unlike the c-corps that have to deal with double taxation.

On the other hand, a private company with large market potential that chooses to undergo an IPO will always choose to be a c-corp, because of the massive capital and growth potential that comes from being publicly traded.

to elaborate further on what Ibraheem stated, the biggest difference between s-corps and c-corps is that unlike c corps, s corps income is passed through so taxes are only applied directly to the owners, rather than c corps taxation both on the company level and on the owners personal taxes. Ibraheem's mention of a s corps' 'inability to attract investments' can be specified further as s corps only allows certain types of entities as owners.

For instance, "Trusts with individuals as beneficiaries are permitted to own shares in an S corp. Business trusts [are not]". The IRS also disallows any type of corporation, s corp or otherwise from owning shares in a s corp. Partnerships and non-resident aliens are also prohibited from owning shares in a s corporation. so non-citizens can own shares in a s corp, however the must be legal residents of the US.

http://smallbusiness.chron.com/can-s-corp-shareholder-4184.html
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Widgets, Inc. is an example of an S-Corp. An example of a C-Corp would be Amazon. I think that companies don't get to really choose whether they are S or C. I think they just are. Ideally, I think all companies would choose to be C-Corp but they just simply are not big enough. I do agree that S or C can be an advantage or disadvantage depending on how much work you want to do but at the end of the day, if you start a business, I think you would always want a C-Corp. C-Corps are larger and can have more than 100 shareholders as stated above but the business must pay corporate income taxes. S-Corps are smaller and cant have more than 100 shareholders but no corporate income taxes. Each has its advantages and disadvantages but a C-Corp would reflect that the business is more successful and what every business would ultimately choose.

Most known companies as stated above, follow C-Corp setup, while very few follow an S-Corp. The major difference between the two types of corporations is the taxation. With C-Corp, there is a required double taxation. As a result, first the corporation gives taxes from the profit that is made. What is left over after those taxes is then split among the shareholders, who then have to pay personal taxes on what they receive. With the S-Corp, there is only a single taxation, which is after the profit is split among the shareholders. There is also more restriction when following an S-Corp, such as having all the shareholders being from the U.S. I feel this does not allow for a company to grow as much because then they cannot try to expand overseas. I personally feel that following a C-Corp is better for a company because there are more opportunities available.

S-corps, in my opinion, are those companies who only allows a few members to have a say in running business, the corporate cannot be publicly traded and have thousands of stakeholders like C-corps, but could only be taxed once, which called pass-through tax. These companies are more likely to be of small scale, family-owned, and totally runs domestic business, such as a motel run by a local family, or a local franchise store only seen in a few cities in United States.
C-corps, on the other hand, could be much bigger in scale because it could be allowed to publicly traded and everyone and social entities could be the shareholders of them. They could expand their business overseas, but it also requires the business owners to pay the tax twice to obtain the profits. Also the losses cannot pass through to the individuals which meaning they cannot waive the tax even though the C-corp company is not making profit. They tend to be huge companies in their area and mostly expand their business overseas, for instance, Coca Cola, Apple, Google and Walmart, etc.

S-Corp, as we learned, are only taxed once while C-Corp are taxed twice. Although, this seems like a drawback for companies whose main goal is to make profits, for the health and overall benefit, C-Corp is the best way to go. Most companies follow the C-corp brach because of the benefits and flexibility. C-corp's major benefit that companies like is the fact that shareholders can be from any part of the world while S-corp restricts their shareholders to U.S citizens or permanent residents only.

Small retail and wholesale companies that are majorly focused on the American markets would prefer to choose the S-corp track in their company. While large international companies take the C-corp route.

The benefit of a C-corp is that you can deduct costs on your corporate taxes if you need to pay employee benefits. For any company that plans to grow, you will need a certain amount of shareholders to go public. Another benefit a C-corp provides is that they are not limited to the number of shareholders they can have whereas S-corps are. However, C-corps are heavily taxed. For young businesses that will struggle to bear the taxes that C-corps face and would benefit from having additional protection for their assets, becoming an S-corp would be favorable. This holds especially true for companies that provide services. Most examples of S-corps are companies that are not widely known, such as Jacks, Inc.. For C-corps, such as General Motors, obtaining as many shareholders as possible is crucial in growing and competing with competitors.

Taxation is not the only factor to consider when making a company an S-corp or C-corp. While it is true that C-corp has double taxation, the money is only taxed once for the company and once for the shareholders. So the tax that the company pays for itself is the same between C-corp and S-corp. The other difference though is who can be a shareholder. There are a lot more restrictions on who can be a shareholder for S-corp companies and that can limit their overall stock sales. I feel that this is a bigger handicap than having shareholders pay taxes, and it allows for the company to get more money when needed by selling stock shares.

S-Corporation    are like C corporation but can have no more than 100 shareholders and may have only one class of stock. Entities can attract more capital because they allow shareholders to invest in the business.  S corporation can avoid double taxation because income and losses are passed to shareholder for them to include on their individual tax returns. 

In S-corp the profit is divided depending on the number of shares and the tax is deducted from your account while in C-corp the tax is deducted twice, once through the companies overall profit and again from the personal account of the shareholder when the amount is received.
It only makes sense to have C-corp if there are a lot of shareholders, also it offers liquidity to the company where they can sell quick shares in case of a cash crunch.

As seen from the lectures for this week we know that S-corp follow the flow through taxes while C-corp has the double taxation. However, the C-corp has its own set of advantages. The shares can be publicly traded and the shareholders can be any other company and not just an individual with an added flexibility that the shareholders can be from outside the US which is not the case for S-corp and limits the benefits. In case of S-corp the losses are passed through to personal tax returns and is an advantage.
Large International Companies having their divisions spread throughout the globe will be C-corp eg. Amazon, Dell etc. while those businesses are specifically within a country would be S-corp.

Taxation is often considered as significant difference for small business owners when evaluating s corporations and c corporations. S corps are pass through tax-entities. The losses are passed through personal tax returns. But c corps are separately tax entities. The tax on corporate income is paid first at the corporate level and again at the individual level on dividends. As instructed in Dr. Simon’s lecture, s corp shareholders must be all from USA; cannot be publicly traded and can issue one type of stack. Whereas ,    c corps are large businesses that plan to expand beyond 100 shareholders or public and want greater flexibility in investor type and dividends.

Examples of c corps include Bank of America, Metlife and examples of S corp include businesses that prefer to pass their income, deduction and losses through shareholders for the benefit of limited liability and to avoid double taxation.

In the case of many companies, their ownership decides whether they will require to make business as an S-Corp or C-Corp from where they primarily make business. A domestically based corporation with international negotiations may still apply as an S-Corp. In an example where this S-Corp is merged with an international corporation, the resulting corporation will include foreign shareholders, forcing new ownership to reapply as a C-Corp.

Main difference between C-corp and S-corp is that C-corp have double taxation and S-corps are taxed once. In S-corp profit is split between shareholders and shareholders pay taxes and in C-corp they have to pay tax on profit and then remaining of profit is slit between shareholders and shareholders are taxed on what they receive. In C-corp shareholders can be from any part of the world unlike S-corp where holders have to be from country.