As mentioned by many above, correction is the actual action to eliminate the nonconformity, on the other hand the corrective action is the process to actively prevent the nonconformity from occurring; which is CAPA. In addition as mentioned, correction is an immediate action that receives full attention that is a short term solution while the corrective action is a long term solution, that would need further resources to find a solution. There are certain situations where there are nonconformities that the company will need to make an ultimate decision to see if they would like to initiate a CAPA, usually companies attempt to prevent a CAPA from being initiated because it involves the FDA to be notified and also resources are invested and possible rework. In my case, the company i worked for in regards vision testing systems, we attempt to rectify the problem in a way to prevent a CAPA from being initiated, we intiate a CAPA when there is a definite device failure, this would be discovered either by QC or by our customers.