I would say having to request a budget change for additional experiments is quite probable. When making design verification tests in response to outputs from a DSD, it is highly unlikely that everything will pass the first time around and results will come up that will force you to consider aspects of the project that were not considered before, just like in the project simulation we had just completed. Using that simulation as an example, the root cause of the failure could have been narrowed down to the adhesive that was used on the label, which may have been an industry standard adhesive. Because it may have been an industry standard, the team may not have considered how it would have after being soaked in a heated water bath. Now, they need to increase the budget in order to buy and test more adhesives to find one that does not peel off at a heated temperature. If the contents and scope of the budget change is reasonable, then it is likely to be accepted with little to no difficulties, however if the budget change is requesting tens of thousands more dollars than the original allocation, then it may require a little more effort to convince the team that is reviewing the budget change request to accept it, if they do not outright deny it.

As @pv223 mentioned I would say that it is extremely probable for a budget change to occur to accommodate for additional testing. In my own personal capstone project we had an initial design which we wanted to use and following testing we had realized that the project would not meet the customer requirements. In order for our client to be satisfied with the product we were required to revamp and change the entire design of the project. When this occurred, additional features were introduced into the project that required additional testing protocols which were not accounted for in the first proposal. Unfortunately, in our situation we were only allotted a specific amount of money for the budget and we were required to reach into our own pockets in order to pay for the additional testing protocol materials. I would imagine that in the industry there would need to be a type of request for additional funds and a presentation would probably be given to the higher level managers for the request. In this case the request could either be accepted or denied. If the request were accepted that would be the best case scenario for the team and all changes could be implemented. If not, then the team would have to adapt and be able to stay within the allotted budget while accomplishing the given task at hand.